Müller细胞与黄斑裂孔研究现状与进展

Research progress of Müller cell and macular hole

Müller细胞是视网膜的神经胶质细胞,其主要突起横跨视网膜内界膜(ILM)和外界膜,维持视网膜光感受器和神经元的功能与代谢。Müller细胞的结构和功能与黄斑裂孔(MH)的发生和发展密切相关。Müller细胞从牵引力、蛋白质等方面参与MH的形成和恢复过程,其形态和生物学功能也影响着MH的转归。目前MH的治疗方式以玻璃体切除联合ILM剥除手术为主,其中Müller细胞在不同分期MH的ILM剥除手术后发挥着双重作用。在视网膜损伤后Müller细胞潜在的重新获得祖细胞样状态并再生神经元的能力使其成为当前的研究热点,对临床治疗有着重要的参考和启示作用。

Müller cells are glial cells of the retina,whose major processes cross the internal and external limiting membranes of the retina,maintaining the function and metabolism of retinal photoreceptors and neurons.Their structure and function are closely related to the development of macular hole(MH).Müller cells are involved in the formation and recovery of MH from the aspect of traction and protein,and their morphology and biological function also influence the regression of MH.The current treatment modality for MH is vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane(ILM)peeling,in which Müller cells play a dual role after ILM peeling in different stages of MH.And its potential to re-acquire a progenitor-like state following retinal injury with the ability to proliferate and generate new neurons making it a current research hot topic,which can be a reference and inspiration for clinical treatment.