商洛山地林药复合生态系统小气候效应研究

Study on Microclimate Effect of Forest Medicine Compound Ecosystem in Shangluo Mountain Area

[目的]探究山地林药复合生态系统小气候效应。[方法]以商洛核桃和道地中药材丹参、桔梗、黄芩组成的林药复合系统为研究对象,设置不同栽种模式(CK:大田单作;W5×3:行株距5 m×3 m的林药复合系统;W3×3:行株距3 m×3 m的林药复合系统),在丹参、桔梗和黄芩的苗期、花期和生长减缓期对不同复合系统的光合有效辐射强度(PAR)、大气温度(T)、大气相对湿度(RH)、风速(WS)和大气CO_(2)浓度(C_(a))进行系统观测和比较分析。[结果]与CK相比,复合系统可减少PAR 11.3%~42.1%,降低T 1.22~2.11℃,降低WS 40.0%~54.7%,降低C_(a) 15.90~21.04μmol/mol,提高RH 4.09~7.11百分点。[结论]林药复合系统改变了相对单一的种植结构,改善了农田小气候效应。

[Objective]To study the microclimate effect of mountain forest medicine complex ecosystem.[Method]The economic seedlings Juglans regia and economic crops Salvia miltiorrhiza,Platycodon grandiflorum,Scutellaria baicalensis compound system as the research object,set up different cultivation mode,through the seedling stage,flowering stage and growth slowing period of Salvia miltiorrhiza,Platycodon grandiflorum and Scutellaria baicalensis,the photosynthetic effective radiation intensity(PAR),atmospheric temperature(T),relative humidity(RH),wind speed(WS)and atmospheric CO_(2) concentration(C_(a))were measured determination,comparison and analysis.[Result]Compared with CK,the composite system can reduce PAR by 1.3%-42.1%,T 1.22-2.11℃,WS 40.0%-54.7%and C_(a) 15.90-21.04μmol/mol,increase RH by 4.09-7.11 percentage points.[Conclusion]The forest medicine complex system has changed the original relatively single planting structure and improved the farmland microclimate effect.