数字经济与世界贸易格局重塑--基于新型数字基础设施视角

The Digital Economy and the Reshaping of World Trade Patterns--Based on a New Digital Infrastructure Perspective

数字经济正在成为重组全球要素资源、重塑全球经济结构、改变全球竞争格局的关键因素。文章基于2002-2020年62个世界主要国家的面板数据构建动态空间计量模型,以新型数字基础设施建设的互联网发展指数测度数字经济发展水平,考察数字经济对世界经济地理重塑的影响效应,并对数字经济背景下的劳动力成本变化效应进行了检验。研究发现:数字信息基础设施的区域发展差异显著推动了国际贸易格局发生调整。从空间异质性看,互联网推广和应用下的网络链接效应对不同经济板块的影响表现出差异性,促进了以贸易结构性调整为特征的世界经济格局变化。从时间异质性看,2009-2020年的数字化效应高于2002-2008年,人力资本结构对贸易的影响与互联网发展水平密切相关。

The digital economy is becoming a key factor in reorganizing global factor resources,reshaping the global economic structure,and changing the global competitive landscape.The article constructs a dynamic spatial econometric model based on panel data of 62 major world countries from 2002 to 2020,measures the level of digital economy development by the Internet development index of new digital infrastructure construction,examines the impact of the digital economy on the geographic reshaping of the world economy,and tests the effect of labor cost change under the development of digital economy and industrial integration.The study finds that the differences of regional development in digital information infrastructure significantly contribute to the restructuring of international trade patterns.In terms of spatial heterogeneity,the effect of network linkage under Internet diffusion and application shows differences in the impact on different economic segments and promotes the change of the world economic pattern characterized by structural adjustment of trade.In terms of temporal heterogeneity,the digitalization effect in 2009—2020 is higher than that in 2002—2008,and the impact of human capital structure on trade is closely related to the level of Internet development.