358例新确证HIV感染者首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和病毒载量检测及相关性分析

Detection and correlation analysis of the primary CD4^(+)T lymphocytes and viral load in 358 patients with newly confirmed HIV infection

目的探讨CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和病毒载量检测结果的相关性,了解感染者基线免疫学和病毒学状况,为平顶山市艾滋病防治和监测工作提供基础数据。方法采用流式细胞仪和病毒载量分析仪检测2018年—2021年平顶山市358例新确证HIV感染者的同期首次外周血CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和病毒载量,SPSS 20.0软件分析数据。结果358例新确证HIV感染者中首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数结果在10个/μl~1430个/μl,均值为(276.31±191.64)个/μl,不同性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、感染途径的CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞检测结果比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同年龄组、职业、样本来源的CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞均值差异有统计学意义;358例病毒载量检测结果中,30例低于试剂盒检测下限(<20拷贝/ml),定量检测出数值328例,主要分布在10~4拷贝/ml~10~5拷贝/ml;病毒载量与CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数结果总体成负相关(r=-0.294,P<0.01)。结论平顶山市新确证HIV感染者首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平与正常人相比普遍偏低,大部分患者体内HIV病毒复制活跃,病毒载量与CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数结果总体呈负相关趋势;应考虑结合首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和病毒载量基线检测结果,指导抗病毒治疗并用以评价治疗效果。

Objective To explore the correlation between CD4^(+)T lymphocytes and viral load test results,understand the baseline immunology and virology status of the infected patients,and provide basic data for AIDS prevention and monitoring in Pingdingshan City.Methods The first peripheral blood CD4^(+)T lymphocytes and viral load of 358 newly confirmed HIV infected patients in Pingdingshan City from 2018 to 2021 were detected by flow cytometer and viral load analyzer.The test data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0.Results The results of the primary CD4^(+)T lymphocytes count in 358 cases of newly confirmed HIV infected patients ranged from 10 cells/μl to 1430 cells/μl,the mean was(276.31±191.64)cells/μl.There was no statistical significance on the differences in CD4^(+)T lymphocytes among newly confirmed HIV infected patients of different gender,marital status,educational level and route of infection(P>0.05),but there was statistical significance on the difference in the mean of CD4^(+)T lymphocytes in different age groups,occupation and source.Among 358 viral load test results,30 cases were below the lower limit(<20 copies/ml),and 328 cases were able to detect quantitatively,which mainly distributed in 10~4copies/ml-10~5copies/ml.Viral load was negatively correlated with CD4^(+)T lymphocytes(r=-0.294,P<0.01).Conclusion The level of CD4^(+)T lymphocytes in newly confirmed HIV infected patients in Pingdingshan City is generally lower than that in normal people.In most cases,HIV replication is active and the viral load is negatively related to the results of CD4^(+)T lymphocytes count.Antiviral therapy should be considered in conjunction with the results of the primary CD4^(+)T lymphocytes and viral load baseline tests to guide and evaluate the efficacy of treatment.