2019年-2021年嘉兴市宾馆(酒店)健康危害因素分析

Analysis of health hazard factors of hotels in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2021

目的了解嘉兴市宾馆卫生现状和主要健康危害因素,为加强住宿行业卫生管理提供依据。方法对2019年—2021年嘉兴市宾馆健康危害因素进行监测和评价,分析不同季节、不同年份和不同级别宾馆健康危害因素差异。结果共监测样品6505份,合格5639份,总合格率为86.7%,其中温度、湿度、噪声、空气真菌总数、PM2.5、毛巾pH值的合格率较低。夏季合格率低于冬季(P<0.05);近3年噪声、PM10和PM2.5的合格率呈逐年下降趋势(P<0.05);不同级别宾馆总合格率呈逐档下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论嘉兴市宾馆卫生状况总体良好,温度、湿度、噪声、空气真菌总数、PM2.5和毛巾pH值是嘉兴市宾馆的主要健康危害因素,应受到重视。此外,建议相关部门加强夏季的监测监督,重点关注中低档宾馆卫生状况,加强卫生宣传和技能培训,完善卫生管理制度,提高宾馆卫生水平。

Objective To understand the current hygiene situation and main health hazard factors of hotels in Jiaxing City,so as to provide basis for strengthening hygiene management in accommodation industry.Methods The monitoring and evaluation were conducted from 2019 to 2021,and the monitoring results in hotels of different seasons,years and levels were analyzed to find out the differences.Results A total of 6505 samples were monitored,of which 5639 samples were qualified,with a total qualified rate of 86.7%.Among them,the qualified rate of temperature,humidity,noise,total indoor air fungi,PM2.5,and pH of towels were low.The qualified rate of monitoring in summer was lower than that in winter(P<0.05).In the past three years,the qualified rate of noise,PM10 and PM2.5 have been declining year by year(P<0.05).And the qualified rate of hotels also have shown a downward trend as the hotel level decreases(P<0.05).Conclusion The hygienic conditions of hotels in Jiaxing City are generally good.And temperature,humidity,noise,total indoor air fungi,PM2.5 and pH of towels are the main health hazard factors,which should be paid attention to.In addition,it is suggested that relevant departments should strengthen monitoring and supervision in summer,focusing on the sanitation of low-and medium-grade hotels,sanitation policy publicity and skills training,in order to improve hygiene management systems and the sanitation level of hotels.