免疫调节性纳米制剂的研究进展

Progress of Research on Immunomodulatory Nano-preparation

自身免疫性疾病是一类以机体免疫系统紊乱为主要特征的局部或全身慢性炎症性疾病,严重影响患者生活质量。目前,临床上主要以降低疾病活动度为主要治疗目标,尚无法治愈。诱导免疫系统重新产生针对疾病相关抗原的免疫耐受,重塑免疫稳态,是治疗这类疾病的最佳策略与终级目标。近年来,基于纳米技术的免疫调节性纳米制剂在诱导抗原特异性免疫耐受方面显示出极大的潜力。通过对具有免疫调节功能的纳米制剂的设计策略,以及可诱导免疫耐受的纳米药物在自身免疫性疾病治疗中的最新研究进展进行综述,同时,分析当前免疫调节纳米制剂在临床转化中存在的障碍,旨在为治疗自身免疫性疾病的纳米药物的相关研究提供参考。

Autoimmune diseases(ADs) are a kind of local or systemic chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by disorder of the immune system, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Clinically, ADs are still incurable, and the main goal of treatment is to reduce disease activity. Inducing the immune system to regenerate antigen-specific immune tolerance and reshape immune homeostasis is the best strategy and ultimate goal for the treatment of ADs. Recently, immunomodulatory nano-preparation based on nanotechnology have shown great potential in inducing antigen-specific immune tolerance. This article reviews the design strategies of immunomodulatory nanopreparation, as well as the latest research progresses of tolerogenic nano-medicine in the treatment of ADs. It also discusses the obstacles facing immunomodulatory nano-preparation in clinical translation, which provides reference for related research on nano-drugs for the treatment of ADs.