甲乙类肠道传染病的流行病学特征及变化趋势

Epidemiological Characteristics and Changing Trend of Class A and B Intestinal Infectious Diseases

肠道传染病是经口-粪途径传播的传染性疾病,包括霍乱、痢疾、病毒性肝炎(戊肝、甲肝)、伤寒、副伤寒及脊髓灰质炎等,具有发病率高、传播速度快、涉及范围广等特点,易导致疫情爆发,且伴有较高的死亡风险,以亚、非、拉等地区尤为突出,是全球重点关注的公共卫生问题之一。近年来,我国对甲乙类法定肠道传染病的防控研究取得了较大进展,现本文对其流行病学特征及变化趋势进行阐述,旨在为该病的防治提供参考。

Intestinal infectious diseases are infectious diseases transmitted through the oral-fecal route,including cholera,dysentery,viral hepatitis(hepatitis E,hepatitis A),typhoid,paratyphoid and poliomyelitis,etc.It has the characteristics of high incidence,fast transmission speed and wide range,which is easy to lead to the outbreak of the epidemic,and is accompanied by a high risk of death,especially in Asia,Africa,Latin America and other regions,which is one of the public health issues of global concern.In recent years,great progress has been made in the prevention and control of class A and B legal intestinal infectious diseases in China.This paper expounds its epidemiological characteristics and changing trends,aiming to provide reference for the prevention and control of the disease.