电力-天然气互联系统协同安全机制:现状,问题与挑战

Coordinated Security Mechanism for Electric-gas Interconnect Systems:Status,Problems,and Challenges

随着我国“碳达峰,碳中和”进程的加快和能源转型的深化,电力系统对灵活性调节资源的需求将进一步提升。未来,燃气机组装机容量具有极大的增长空间,同时随着电转气技术的快速发展,电力-天然气互联系统(electric-gas interconnect systems,EGIS)正逐渐成为能源供应与传输的重要载体。构建EGIS有助于提升新能源消纳、促进能源系统低碳转型,但同时也引入了新的潜在安全风险。异质能流的深度耦合使得电力或天然气系统任意一侧发生故障都可能通过耦合设备跨系统传播,导致EGIS的连锁故障。亟需建立有效协同安全机制,以提升EGIS的常态化协同风险管控水平和极端事件下的能源互济能力。该文围绕EGIS协同安全机制的最新研究进展展开综述。首先,由近年国际上发生的几起典型电力与天然气系统之间的连锁故障案例出发,对电力系统与天然气系统之间的故障耦合机理进行简要分析;其次,回顾了EGIS态势感知和安全预警方面的研究进展;进而,对近年来EGIS协同预防/校正控制方面的关键问题和研究成果进行梳理;最后,在总结国内外相关研究现状的基础上,分析了EGIS协同安全机制面临的主要挑战,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

With the acceleration of China’s“carbon peak,carbon neutrality”process and the deepening of energy transformation,the demands for flexible regulated resources in the power system will be further increased.The installed capacity of gas turbines will have a great room for its growth.Combined with the speed-up development of electricity-to-gas technology,the electricity-gas interconnection systems(EGIS)are becoming the essential energy carriers.The construction of EGIS promotes renewable energy consumption and low-carbon transition of the energy systems.At the same time,it also brings about some potential security risks.The interdependence of the heterogeneous energy flows makes it possible that a failure on either side of the electric or natural gas system may spread across the systems through the coupling devices,eventually resulting in the cascading failures in the EGIS.There is an urgency to establish an effective coordinated security mechanism to strengthen the regular coordinated risk management,the coordinated control,and the energy exchange capability under extreme events.This paper reviews the latest research progresses on the coordinated security mechanisms for the EGIS.Firstly,starting from the several typical cascading failures in the electric power and natural gas systems worldwide in recent years,a brief analysis of the cascading failure propagation mechanism within the EGIS is carried out.Secondly,the research progresses in the EGIS situation awareness and the security early warning are reviewed.Furthermore,the key issues and the related works of the coordinated preventive/corrective control of the EGIS in recent years are combed.Finally,based on summarizing the current research status,the main challenges faced by the coordinated security mechanism of the EGIS are analyzed,and the future research directions are given.