配偶同步赋能对母乳喂养产妇健康教育效果研究

Study on the effects of spousal synchronous empowerment on health education among puerperae give breast feeding

目的研究授权赋能教育模式对产妇应对方式、自我效能及生活质量的影响。方法选择2020年8月—2022年4月本院104例具有母乳喂养意愿的初产妇为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为观察组和对照组两组,每组各52例。观察组采用配偶同步赋能教育对产妇和配偶实施母乳喂养健康宣教,对照组采用常规模式进行健康宣教和母乳喂养指导,于干预1个月时比较两组产妇健康商数、不良情绪、自我效能、喂养信心、喂养情况及乳头皲裂发生率。结果干预后,两组初产妇健商量表(PWHQS)量表健康意识、围产期健康知识及能力、婴儿相关知识及能力评分明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组初产妇健商量表(PWHQS)量表健康意识、围产期健康知识及能力、婴儿相关知识及能力评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组初产妇焦虑(SAS)和抑郁(SDS)评分明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组初产妇焦虑(SAS)和抑郁(SDS)评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组初产妇自我效能(GSES)评分明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组初产妇自我效能(GSES)评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组初产妇母乳喂养自信心(BSES)技能维度、内心维度和总分明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组初产妇技能维度、内心维度和总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组初产妇产后1个月时人工喂养和乳头皲裂均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论配偶同步赋能教育模式用于初产妇母乳喂养指导,有利于提升产妇健康商数,减少不良情绪,增强自我效能和喂养信心,降低乳头皲裂发生率和人工喂养婴儿占比。

Objective To study the effects of empowerment education model on coping styles,self-efficacy and quality of life of puerperae.Methods 104 primiparas those give birth in our hospital during August 2020 and April 2022 and willing to breast feeding were enrolled as study subjects.According to random number table method,they were divided into the observation group and the control group with 52 cases in each group.The observation group adopted simultaneous empowerment education of spouses to carry out breastfeeding health education for puerperae and spouses,while the control group received conventional model to carry out health education and breastfeeding guidance.The maternal health quotient,negative emotions,self-efficacy,feeding confidence,feeding situation and incidence of cracked nipples were compared between the two groups at 1 month of intervention.Results After intervention,the scores of health awareness,perinatal health knowledge and ability,infant-related knowledge and ability of Puerperium Women Health Quotient Scale(PWHQS)in the two groups were significantly increased(P<0.05);the scores of the above dimensions of PWHQS scale in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The scores of Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)were significantly reduced in the two groups after intervention(P<0.05),and the scores of SAS and SDS were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).The General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES)score in the two groups was significantly enhanced after intervention(P<0.05),and the GSES score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The scores of skill dimension and inner dimension and total score of Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale(BSES)were significantly elevated in both groups(P<0.05),and the above scores were higher in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05).The proportions of artificial feeding and cracked nipples in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 1 month after delivery(P<0.05).Conclusions Spousal synchronous empowerment education model applied in breastfeeding guidance for primiparas is conducive to improving maternal health quotient,reducing negative emotions,enhancing self-efficacy and feeding confidence,and lowering the incidence rate of cracked nipples and the proportion of infants with artificial feeding.