混流装配线平衡问题的多目标优化方法研究

A Research on Multi-objective Optimization Method of Mixed-flow Assembly Line Balance Problem

针对混流装配线存在的工序作业多、平衡难度大等问题,以U型布置的混装线为研究对象,兼顾工作站平均负荷和瞬时负荷平衡,在最小化工作站数的基础上均衡了工作站间和工作站内不同产品的作业负荷,建立U型混流装配线多目标平衡优化模型,同时提出目标法解决联合目标中的目标函数兼容性问题。设计并运用改进的自适应遗传算法求解模型,考虑到交叉、变异操作的随机性,在变异阶段加入强制规则,并对新生成的子代个体进行基因冲突检测,以提高可行解的比率。算例研究的结果表明本文所提的多目标优化方法能够较好地解决混装线平衡问题。

In view of the problems of mixed-flow assembly lines,such as many operational elements and difficulty in balancing,the U-shaped arrangement of mixed assembly lines is taken as the research object,and the multi-objective balance optimization model of the U-shaped mixed-flow assembly line is established.Taking into account the average load balance and instantaneous load balance of the workstations,the work load of different workstations and different products within the workstations are balanced on the basis of minimizing the number of workstations.At the same time,a standardized method of each objective function is proposed.We design and use an improved adaptive genetic algorithmto solve the model.Due to the randomness of crossover and mutation operations,an amandatory rule is added in the mutation link and genetic conflict detection on newoffspring individuals is performed to increase the proportion of feasible solutions.The result of a case studyshows that the multi-objective optimization method proposed in this paper can better solve the mixed-flow assembly line balance problem.