诊断和预测狼疮肾炎生物标志物的研究进展

Research progress of biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of lupus nephritis

系统性红斑狼疮的患者在肾脏受累时会发展为狼疮肾炎(LN)。LN具有较高的患病率及病死率,严重影响了患者的身心健康。肾脏组织活检被认为是LN诊断及分类的金标准,但其具有侵袭性及不能连续监测疾病进展等缺点使其不能被广泛应用,尤其对于儿童患者,肾脏组织活检具有较大危害。能够找到早期、准确且能反映疗效的生物标志物对于LN患者的治疗和预后尤为重要。当前传统的血液生物标志物已经不足以诊断LN,新型生物标志物尤其是尿液生物标志物的兴起或许能带来较大改变。该文主要论述了尿液生物标志物目前的研究进展,为使用生物标志物早期诊断LN及评估疾病预后提供思路。

Lupus nephritis(LN)is caused by kidney damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.LN has high morbidity and mortality,which seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients.Renal biopsy is considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis and classification of LN,but its invasiveness and inability to continuously monitor disease progression make it not widely used,especially for pediatric patients,renal biopsy is dangerous.The ability to find early predictive and more accurate biomarkers that respond to efficacy is particularly important for the treatment and prognosis patients with LN.At present,traditional blood biomarkers are not enough to diagnose LN,and the rise of new biomarkers,especially urine biomarkers may make a big difference.This article mainly discusses the current research progress of urinary biomarkers,aiming to provide ideas for the application of new biomarkers in the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of LN.