底线约束下的乡村国土开发强度管控模式研究——以成都为例

RURAL LAND DEVELOPMENT INTENSITY CONTROL MODE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF BOTTOM LINE CONSTRAINT:A CASE STUDY OF CHENGDU

现阶段伴随着城镇化进程的持续加速,乡村人口持续减少,而乡村建设用地规模却不断增加,原有土地利用规划中侧重的发展管控和城乡规划中侧重的空间形态管控已难以适应新时代国土空间规划全域全要素、紧约束、高质量的发展需求。本研究在分析乡村地区建设用地管控问题和特征的基础上,提出以乡村粮食安全、生态安全和聚居生命安全为底线形成的上限强度指标,同时,综合考虑乡村人口城镇化、地域景观文化传承和乡村现实发展诉求等因素,确定目标强度指标,构建因地制宜的强度分区和动态可调的乡村地区国土开发强度管控模式,并以成都为例探索彰显成都地域特色的两级强度指标和五大分区、四级乡村国土开发强度管控体系,以期为全国其他地区乡村的城乡建设用地管控提供借鉴。

With the continuous acceleration of urbanization,rural population continues to decrease,whereas rural construction land continues to increase.In such a circumstance,both the previous land use planning which focuses on land development control and the traditional urban and rural planning which focuses on spatial form control cannot meet the requirement for the whole territory and all elements,tight constraint,and high-quality development of territorial planning in the new era.Based on the analysis of the problems and characteristics of rural construction land control,this paper proposes that an upper limit of land development intensity should be set to respond to rural food security,ecological security,and life security.Meanwhile,target land development intensity indicators should be set to respond to urbanization of rural population,inheritance of rural landscape,and local development demand.Based on that,it suggests developing a rural land development intensity control mode that has intensity zoning and is dynamically adjustable according to local conditions.Taking Chengdu as an example,the paper explores the rural land development intensity control system consisting of two-level intensity indicators,five sub-regions,and four scales,which highlights the regional characteristics of Chengdu.It is expected to provide reference for rural construction land control in other parts of China.