善存之道:一个滇西北藏族聚落社区资源图里的时空规序与地方共识

Way of Well-being:Spatio-temporal order and Local Consensus in a Tibetan Community Resource Map in Northwest Yunnan

位于滇西北迪庆州德钦县的藏族聚落尼顶村,因“社区参与可持续生活模式探索”发展项目而衍生出的可视化社区资源图绘本《农事历》,是其社区内在俗成的传统惯习和集体生态经验的图式映射,绘本传递了村落共同体对自然生态、农事节令、环境灾变的具体感知以及应对策略。尼顶村《农事历》所见之村落行动者在一年生产大周期内的集体行动安排,真实写照了一个远在殊方而又咫尺眼前的自洽型“丰裕社会”的生动图景:由公益组织介入,社区原住民参与口述叙事、参与发展探索集结而成的《农事历》资源图是社区行动者周期性生产经验和再生产实践的自我呈现;而社区资源图的绘本式展示,也使村落共同体的传统生计经验、自然生态观照、资源管理智慧和资源动员手段,以及守望相助、有机团结的社会结构面面观得以生动透视。基于生态与文化整体观的人类善存之道在于:实践活动、发展选项同生态、经济、社会效益及共生诉求协同推进。

The picture book“Agricultural Lunar Calendar”depicting the visualized community resource map is derived from the development project“Community Participation in Sustainable Living Model Exploration”done in Niding Village, a Tibetan settlement in Deqin County, Diqing Prefecture of the Northwest Yunnan Province. It is the schema mapping of the habituation and collective ecological experience in the community, conveying the village community’s specific perceptions and coping strategies of natural ecology, agricultural seasons, and environmental disasters. The collective action arrangements of villagers in the one-year production cycle described in the “Agricultural Lunar Calendar” of Niding Village truly portray a vivid picture of a self-consistent“abundant society”that is a seemingly faraway remote place but actually within easy reach. The resource map of“Agricultural Lunar Calendar”, which is assembled by the participation of non-profit organizations and the participation of community indigenous in oral narration and development exploration, is the self-presentation of community doers’ cyclical production experience and reproduction practice. The community resource map is presented in the style of picture book and thereby the traditional livelihood experience, natural ecological observations, resource management wisdom and resource mobilization means of the village community as well as the comprehensive perspectives of mutual assistance and organic solidarity between different social structures all these can be vividly viewed in it. The way of human well-being based on the holistic view of ecology and culture lies in the coordinated promotion of practical activities and development options with ecological, economic, and social benefits and symbiotic demands.