外泌体在肺癌中的研究进展

Research progresses of exosomes in lung cancer

外泌体是细胞衍生的纳米囊泡,直径30-150 nm,包含核酸、蛋白质和脂质等组分。外泌体可进行细胞间通讯并激活靶细胞中的信号通路,参与机体生理及病理过程。目前国内外对于外泌体与非小细胞肺癌发生发展的研究,主要集中于细胞免疫反应、生长、转移和耐药等方面。此外由于外泌体的双亲特性,外泌体是用于癌症治疗的天然药物递送载体。本综述就外泌体一般情况、提取方式、生物功能、外泌体对肺癌免疫、增殖、上皮间质转化(EMT)、血管形成、靶器官转移、治疗的作用,以及未来发展方向等几方面展开论述,为阐明肺癌的发生发展提供新思路,对指导肺癌的早期诊断和治疗提供新方法。

Exosomes are cell-derived nano-vesicles,with a diameter of 30 to 150 nm,contain nucleic acids,proteins and lipids.Exosomes can participate in physiological and pathological process via carried out intercellular communication and activate signaling pathways in target cells.At present,the research on the role of exosomes in the pathogenic mechanism and malignant progression of lung cancer,mainly including cell immunity reaction,proliferation,metastasis and drug resistant.Moreover,due to their amphipathic structure,exosomes are natural drug delivery carriers for cancer therapy.This review will discuss the following aspects of general situation,extraction way,biological function of exosomes,and its effects on immune to lung cancer,proliferation,transformation of epithelial mesenchymal(EMT),blood vessels formation,target organ metastasis,and treatment,and the future development.To provide new ideas to illustrate the development of lung cancer,to guide the early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer with new methods.