核退役作业机器人的应用

Application of operational robots for nuclear decommissioning

核设施退役中拆卸解体技术是一个世界性的问题。为了加快核退役进程,提高核环境作业安全性,机器人代替人工在高放射性或受放射性污染的特种作业环境中作业是必然趋势。文章论述了国内外核环境作业机器人的研究应用现状,对核用机器人的共性功能需求进行了分析和总结,认为核退役作业机器人未来发展急需突破的关键技术有抗辐射加固、人机智能化、特殊环境稳定性,实现极端环境下耐强辐射、通信可控、高效稳定的机器人技术应用必将迎来一个快速发展期。

Disassembly technology in decommissioning of nuclear facilities is a worldwide problem.In order to speed up the process of nuclear decommissioning and improve the safety of nuclear environmental operations,it is an inevitable trend for robots to replace humans in special working environments with high radioactivity or radioactive pollution.This paper discusses the research and application status of nuclear environment robots at home and abroad,analyzes and summarizes the common functional requirements of nuclear robots,and believes that the key technologies urgently needed to be broken through in the future development of nuclear decommissioned robots are anti radiation reinforcement,human-computer intelligence,and special environment stability.The application of robot technology to achieve strong radiation resistance,controllable communication,high efficiency and stability in extreme environments will usher in a rapid development period.