基于智慧健康养老社区的老年人孤独感探究

Research on Loneliness of the Elderly based on Smart Health Community

智慧养老与老年人健康密切相关,现有养老模式下老年人身心健康问题较为突出。探索社交媒体使用与老年人心理健康的关系,并对其内在机制进行深入的研究。采用偏最小二乘结构方程建模(PLS-SEM)方法,以智慧健康养老社区的老年人为研究对象,探索多种社交媒体使用模式对老年人心理健康影响的内在机制(以孤独感为例),深入剖析主动社交媒体使用、被动社交媒体使用、功能型社交媒体使用、自尊、客观社会孤立、生活满意度及服务满意度与老年人孤独感之间的关系。研究结果显示:基于社会存在、社会比较与社会支持理论,不同社交媒体使用模式对老年人心理健康有显著影响;功能型社交媒体使用负向影响老年人自尊;自尊对向上社会比较和孤独感都有显著的负向预测作用。此外,客观社会孤立调节向上社交比较与孤独感之间的关系,客观社会孤立正向预测老年人孤独感。为未来采用社交媒体方式对老年人孤独感进行干预提供了研究依据,丰富了老年人心理健康相关研究,也为智慧养老发展提供了支持。

Smart elderly care is closely related to the health of the elderly,and the physical and mental health problems of the elderly under the existing pension mode are prominent.In this research,the relationship between social media use and mental health of the elderly was explored,and an in-depth study was conducted on its internal mechanism.Partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)method was used to explore the internal mechanism of the influence of multiple social media use patterns on the mental health of the elderly in8 smart health elderly care communities(taking loneliness as an example).The relationship between active social media use,passive social media use,functional social media use,self-esteem,objective social isolation,life satisfaction and service satisfaction and loneliness among the elderly was analyzed.The results show that,based on social presence,social comparison and social support theory,different social media use patterns had a significant impact on the mental health of the elderly;functional social media use negatively affected the self-esteem of the elderly;self-esteem negatively predicted both upward social comparison and loneliness.In addition,objective social isolation moderated the relationship between upward social comparison and loneliness,and objective social isolation positively predicted loneliness in the elderly.This study provides a research basis for using social media to intervene loneliness in the elderly in the future,enriches the research on mental health of the elderly,and also provides support for the development of smart elderly care.