生产性服务业集聚会提升企业绿色创新水平吗?——来自中国3727家上市企业绿色发明专利数据的经验证据

Will the Concentration of Producer Services Improve the Level of Green Innovation of Enterprises——Empirical Evidence from Green Invention Patent Data of 3727 Listed Companies in China

基于2014—2019年间沪深两市A股3727家上市企业绿色专利数据,将中国省级生产性服务业集聚指数匹配至企业层面,细致刻画生产性服务业集聚对企业绿色创新的作用机制。研究结果表明:一是生产性服务业集聚有助于提升企业绿色创新水平,该结论在利用移动份额法构建Bartik工具变量等的内生性检验、加大约束力度及更换被解释变量在内的多维度检验中均稳健成立;二是环境规制在生产性服务业集聚与绿色创新作用间表现为“先抑后扬”的U型调节机制,可见打好多元政策的“组合拳”,是充分发挥生产性服务业集聚绿色创新效应的有效途径;三是生产性服务业集聚对中国经济发展具有显著的提振作用。为此,提高生产性服务业集聚水平,推动企业加快实现绿色专利成果转化,不仅有助于破解可持续发展、技术创新及经济高质量增长所面临的瓶颈,还是激发中国企业绿色转型升级活力的重要支撑。

In order to describe the effect mechanism of producer service industry agglomeration on enterprise green innovation, based on the green patent data of 3,727 A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2014 to 2019, this paper matches China’s provincial producer service industry agglomeration index to enterprises level. From the perspective of green invention patents, the mechanism of the agglomeration of producer services on the green innovation level of enterprises is analyzed in detail. The research results show that: Firstly, the agglomeration of producer services helps to improve the level of green innovation of enterprises. This conclusion is robust in the endogeneity test of Bartik instrumental variables constructed by Shift-Share method, increasing constraints and changing explained variables. Secondly, the effect of environmental regulation on the agglomeration of producer services and green innovation is U-shaped. It can be seen that striking a “combination fist” of multiple policies is an effective way to give full play to the agglomeration effect of green innovation in producer services. Thirdly, the agglomeration of producer services has a significant boost to China’s economic development. Therefore, improving the agglomeration level of producer services and promoting enterprises to accelerate the transformation of green patent achievements will not only help to break the bottleneck between sustainable development, technological innovation and high-quality economic growth. It is also an important support for stimulating the vitality of Green transformation and upgrading of Chinese enterprises.