互联网技术护理对血液透析患者血管通路自我管理能力的影响

Effect of internet technology nursing on self-management ability of vascular access in hemodialysis patients

目的探讨互联网技术护理在血液透析患者血管通路管理中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1月至2022年3月南方科技大学医院收治的80例血液透析患者,按照时间顺序,将2021年1月至7月行常规护理的40例血液透析患者[男23例,女17例;年龄28~60(39.12±5.56)岁;透析时间8~35(27.29±3.18)个月;文化水平:小学8例,初中11例,高中13例,专科及以上8例]设为对照组,将2021年8月至2022年3月行互联网技术护理的40例血液透析患者[男21例,女19例;年龄27~61(39.58±5.62)岁;透析时间8~34(27.14±3.25)个月;文化水平:小学6例,初中13例,高中15例,专科及以上6例]设为观察组;两组均护理3个月。对比两组自我管理能力、生活质量、血管通路并发症发生情况。采用t检验和χ^(2)检验。结果护理后,观察组血液透析患者自我管理行为量表(SMSH)中问题解决、情绪处理、执行自我护理、伙伴关系评分及总分均高于对照组[(16.13±1.62)分比(14.76±1.57)分、(13.15±1.40)分比(11.84±1.70)分、(23.63±2.01)分比(21.24±1.97)分、(13.04±1.35)分比(11.79±1.46)分、(65.95±5.11)分比(59.63±4.02)分],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);护理后,观察组生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)中心理功能、躯体功能、社会功能、物质生活评分高于对照组[(74.38±6.44)分比(69.12±5.03)分、(76.19±5.84)分比(70.58±4.76)分、(79.04±5.73)分比(71.81±5.20)分、(75.21±5.80)分比(68.42±5.36)分],血管通路并发症发生率低于对照组[5.00%(2/40)比20.00%(8/40)],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论互联网技术护理用于血液透析患者能够提高其自我管理能力,维护血管通路安全,减少并发症的发生,改善生活质量,临床应用价值高。

Objective To explore the application value of internet technology nursing in vascular access management in hemodialysis patients.Methods Eighty hemodialysis patients admitted to Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital from January 2021 to March 2022 were selected.According to the chronological order,40 patients who received routine nursing from January to July 2021 were set as a control group,including 23 males and 17 females,with an age of 28-60(39.12±5.56)and dialysis time of 8-35(27.29±3.18)months;among them,8 cases'education level was primary school,11 cases'middle school,13 cases'high school,and 8 cases'college or above;the rest 40 cases who underwent internet technology nursing from August 2021 to March 2022 were selected as an observation group,including 21 males and 19 females,with an age of 27-61(39.58±5.62)and dialysis time of 8-34(27.14±3.25)months;among them,6 cases'education level was primary school,13 cases'middle school,15 cases'high school,and 6 cases'college or above.Both groups were nursed for 3 months.The self-management abilities,qualities of life,and vascular access complications of the two groups were compared.t andχ^(2) tests were applied.Results After the nursing,the scores of problem solving,emotional processing,executive self-care,and partner relationship and the total score of Self-Management Behavior Scale(SMSH)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group[(16.13±1.62)vs.(14.76±1.57),(13.15±1.40)vs.(11.84±1.70),(23.63±2.01)vs.(21.24±1.97),(13.04±1.35)vs.(11.79±1.46),and(65.95±5.11)vs.(59.63±4.02)],with statistical differences(all P<0.05).After the nursing,the scores of psychological function,physical function,social function,and material life of Generic Quality of Life Inventory 74(GQOLI-74)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group[(74.38±6.44)vs.(69.12±5.03),(76.19±5.84)vs.(70.58±4.76),(79.04±5.73)vs.(71.81±5.20),and(75.21±5.80)vs.(68.42±5.36)],with statistical differences(all P<0.05).The incidence of vascular access complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group[5.00%(2/40)vs.20.00%(8/40)],with a statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Internet technology nursing for hemodialysis patients can improve their self-management ability and quality of life,maintain the safety of vascular access,and reduce complications,and has high clinical application value.