“宽带中国”是否促进了城市的创新能力?

Does “Broadband China” Promote Urban Innovation Capability?

通过“宽带中国”战略加强国内宽带网络基础设施建设,为“新基建”驱动城市创新发展提供重要支撑,是当前中国应对其创新体系建设过程中所面临的内外部双重挑战的一大关键。在此背景下,基于2011—2018年中国264个地级及以上城市的平衡面板数据,通过多期DID模型对“宽带中国”战略的创新效应进行实证检验发现,“宽带中国”战略方案的实施能够促进城市创新能力的提升,且该影响具有动态效应,战略方案实施的效果随着时间的推移逐渐增强。经过平行趋势检验,以及安慰剂检验、PSM-DID回归以及被解释变量替换等稳健性检验之后,结论依旧成立,说明研究结果具备稳健性。影响机制分析结果表明,“宽带中国”战略通过提升城市信息化水平、提高人力资本质量等路径对城市创新能力产生正向影响。基于研究结论,“十四五”时期需要坚定不移地进一步深化“宽带中国”战略,在推广示范城市建设经验的基础之上,适当、有序地扩大战略覆盖范围,加大宽带网络基础设施的建设力度。同时,通过信息技术创新释放数字经济及相关产业红利,不断优化人力资本结构、提高人力资本质量,加强创新型以及高端数字人才的培养。

Strengthening the construction of domestic broadband network infrastructure through the “Broadband China” strategy provides important support for urban innovation and development in China.Under this background,based on the balanced panel data of 264 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2011 to 2018,this paper empirically tests the innovation effect of the “Broadband China” strategy through Time-Varying DID model.The empirical results show that the “Broadband China” strategy has a significant positive impact on urban innovation capacity.After parallel trend test,placebo test,PSM-DID regression,and substitution by explanatory variables,it is found that the estimated results are still robust.The results of the analysis of the impact mechanism show that the “Broadband China” strategy has a positive impact on the city’s innovation capacity by improving the level of urban informatization,improving the quality of human capital,and increasing the number of residents’ consumption.