“嵌入式”全域系统建设儿童友好城市:城市高质量发展的路径探索

“Embedded” Construction of Child-Friendly-Cities in Whole Region: An Exploration of High-Quality Urban Development

1996年,联合国儿童基金会和联合国人居署共同提出“儿童友好型城市”的概念,深圳于2016年率先提出建设儿童友好城市的目标。2021年,“建设儿童友好城市”正式写入国家“十四五”规划纲要。在全球视野内,各地儿童友好城市是在联合国儿童基金会的总体指引下,根据本地区实际情况侧重于某一方面的建设,而深圳则提出全域系统推进建设具有全球超大型城市特点和国际影响力的儿童友好城市。本文在府际协同理论的基础上,重点探讨儿童友好如何从一个部门的倡议到成为多个部门协同合作、共同参与,达至全域系统推进的过程,以“嵌入式”推进为核心分析框架,提出理念嵌入、政策嵌入、行动嵌入三个环节。理念嵌入是形成社会共识,实现各部门合作的基础,政策嵌入是将儿童友好理念体现在各部门制定的相关政策中,行动嵌入则是在各部门具体工作中贯彻落实儿童友好。从媒体报告、政策文件以及具体案例中,可以看到上述三个嵌入相互交叉、相互影响发挥作用。当各部门将儿童友好嵌入到本部门的工作后,提升了本部门原有工作质量,“以人为本”提供更高水平的公共服务,满足市民日益增长的美好生活需要,体现出城市高质量发展的特点。因此,深圳各部门府际协同,全域系统推进儿童友好城市建设,是城市高质量发展的重要路径。

In 1996,UNICEF and UN Habitat jointly put forward the concept of “child friendly city”.Shenzhen took the lead in putting forward the goal of building a child friendly city in 2016.In 2021,“building a child friendly city” was officially written into the national outline of the 14th five year plan.From a global perspective,under the UNICEF Child Friendly City initiative,child friendly cities around the world focus on one aspect of construction according to the actual situation of the region,while Shenzhen proposes to promote the construction of child friendly city with the characteristics of global super large cities and international influence.Based on the theory of intergovernmental coordination,this paper focuses on the process of idea from the initiative of one department to the coordination,cooperation and joint promotion of multiple departments.Taking “embedded” promotion as the core analysis framework,this paper puts forward three links:idea embedding,policy embedding and action embedding.Idea embedding is the basis for forming social consensus and realizing the cooperation of various departments.Policy embedding is to embody the concept of child friendliness in the relevant policies formulated by various departments,and action embedding is to implement child friendliness in the specific work of various departments.From media reports,policy documents and specific cases,we can see that the above three embeddedness interact with each other and play a role.When all departments embed child friendliness into their own work,the original work quality of the department has been improved,“people-oriented” to provide a higher level of public services,meet the growing needs of citizens for a better life,and reflect the characteristics of high-quality urban development.Therefore,the inter governmental coordination of various departments in Shenzhen and the promotion of the construction of a child friendly city in a global system are an important path for the high-quality development of the city.