四甲基吡嗪对感染鸡白痢沙门菌肉鸡生产性能的影响及氧化应激机制研究

Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine on Production Performance and Oxidative Stress of Broilers Infected with Salmonella Pullorum and Its Related Mechanism

试验研究了四甲基吡嗪(tetramethylpyrazine,TMP)对鸡白痢沙门菌感染肉仔鸡的生产性能、氧化反应和PI3K/AKT信号通路的影响,旨在探讨四甲基吡嗪对感染鸡白痢沙门菌肉鸡生产性能的影响及氧化应激机制,为肉鸡替抗寻求解决方案。试验选择1日龄AA肉公雏480只,随机分为4组:对照组、感染组、抗生素组、TMP组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡。其中,对照组和感染组只饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组和TMP组分别在基础饲粮中添加40 mg/kg盐酸恩诺沙星和150 mg/kg TMP。5日龄时,感染组、抗生素组和TMP组每只鸡口腔灌服1 mL(105 CFU/mL)鸡白痢沙门菌培养液,对照组灌服等量的无菌株培养液,试验期14 d。结果表明,鸡白痢沙门菌感染显著降低了肉仔鸡生产性能(P<0.05),显著提高了血清和十二指肠中丙二醛和蛋白质羰基含量以及二胺氧化酶活性(P<0.05),并显著上调了十二指肠PI3K和AKT的mRNA表达水平(P<0.05)。与感染组相比,抗生素组和TMP组均显著提高了7 d和14 d肉仔鸡的累计增重和累计采食量(P<0.05),显著降低了肉仔鸡料重比和死亡率、血清和十二指肠中二胺氧化酶活性、血清和十二指肠中丙二醛和蛋白质羰基含量(除7 d血清外)以及十二指肠PI3K和AKT1的mRNA表达水平(P<0.05)。综上所述,TMP可作为抗生素替代物,通过调节PI3K/AKT1信号通路来缓解鸡白痢沙门菌感染所导致的肉仔鸡氧化损伤,进而缓解其生产性能下降。

The effects of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP)on performance,oxidation reaction and PI3K/AKT signal pathway of broilers infected with Salmonella pullorum were studied in this experiment to find a solution to replace the antioxidant for broilers.A total of 480 one-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into four groups:control group,infection group,antibiotic group and TMP group.There were 6 replicates in each group and 20 chickens in each replicate.Among them,the control group and infection group were fed with basal diet,while the antibiotic group and TMP group were fed with 40 mg/kg enrofloxacin hydrochloride and 150 mg/kg TMP,respectively.At day 5,chickens in the infection group,antibiotic group and TMP group were orally given 1 mL(105 CFU)of S.pullorum culture solution,while chickens in the control group were given the same amount of strain-free culture solution.The experiment lasted for 14 days.The results showed that S.pullorum infection significantly reduced the performance of broilers(P<0.05),significantly increased the contents of malondialdehyde,protein carbonyl and diamine oxidase in serum and duodenum(P<0.05),as well as the mRNA expression levels of PI3K and AKT in duodenum(P<0.05).Compared with infected group,the cumulative weight gain and feed intake of broilers on d 7 and d 14 were significantly increased(P<0.05)in antibiotic group and TMP group,the feed weight ratio and mortality of broilers were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and so did the diamine oxidase activity,malondialdehyde(except 7d serum)and protein carbonyl(except 7 d serum)contents of broilers on d 7 and 14(P<0.05).To sum up,TMP can be used as a substitute for feed antibiotics,it can alleviate the oxidative damage caused by S.pullorum infection by regulating PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway,which could be then beneficial for attenuating the decline of production performance.