供水水库群蓄供水次序与调度图双层优化研究

A bilayer optimization method of water storing-supplying sequence and operation diagram for water supply reservoir group

水库群供水规则中蓄供水次序与调度图彼此影响,如何实现二者联合优化是供水调度的难点。为此,提出了供水水库群蓄供水次序与调度图双层优化方法。首先合理拟定不同蓄供水次序,其次求解各次序对应最优调度图,最后通过模拟调度比选最佳蓄供水次序与调度图组合。应用该方法对宝鸡峡灌区六库混联供水系统开展了实例研究。结果表明,若上游水库先蓄水且先供水或下游水库先蓄水且先供水均会增大灌区缺水率、降低供水空间公平性,最优蓄供水次序为上游水库先蓄水、下游水库先供水。较现状调度方案,采用最优蓄供水次序及对应调度图组合可有效缓解灌区缺水状况,缩小分区供水效益的差异。本方法为水库群蓄供水次序与调度图联合优化提供了可行途径。

The storage and water supply sequence and the scheduling diagram affect each other in the water supply rules of reservoir groups.How to realize the joint optimization of them is a difficulty of water supply scheduling.It is a challenge to optimize the two rules simultaneously for water supply scheduling.In this study,a bilayer optimization method of the water storing-supplying sequence and the operation diagram is proposed.Firstly,several storing-supplying sequences were formulated reasonably,and then,the operation diagrams were optimized corresponding to the different water storing-supplying sequences.Finally,the best water storing-supplying sequence and operation diagram were selected via comprehensive comparison of the simulated water supply benefits.This method has been applied in the Baojixia Irrigation Area(BIA).The results show that if both the water supplying and impounding first in the upstream reservoirs or first in the downstream reservoirs,the water shortage rate of the BIA will be increased and the spatial fairness of water supply prone to reduce.The optimal order of water storage-supply is that the upstream reservoirs store water first and the downstream reservoirs supply water first.Compared with the currently used dispatching scheme,the optimal combination of water storing-supplying sequence and the corresponding operation diagram can effectively alleviate the water shortage in the BIA and reduce the difference of water supply benefits between districts.Overall,the proposed method can provide a feasible means for the joint optimization of water storing-supplying sequence and operation diagram for reservoir group.