作为新诗资源难题的歌谣——以新诗史上的二场论争为中心

Ballads as the Resource Problem of New Poetry——Focusing on Two Disputes in the History of New Poetry

歌谣作为新诗自我创生重要的诗歌资源,在20世纪中国新诗史上催生了四次新诗取法歌谣的潮流。围绕新诗究竟是应借用歌谣曲调及“可歌性”优势还是应走“去音乐性”道路、新诗与歌谣之间是否存在着不可逾越的文类界限问题发生过的二场学术争论,其背后不同的学术谱系的观念分野清晰可辨。探讨“新诗”和“歌谣”,必须进入一种资源发生学视野:不仅歌谣,任何审美资源被启用的过程,都无法脱离复杂的政治、文化因素交织而成的社会学情境。通过对这二场论争的梳理,可在具体情境中还原历史的可理解性。

Ballads are an important poetic resource for the self-creation of new poetry.In the20th century,there were four movements of new poetry imitating ballads in the history of Chinese new poetry.There were two academic disputes over the following questions:should new poetry borrow the tunes and“singability”of ballads or adopt the approach of“de-musicality”?was there an insurmountable genre boundary between new poetry and ballads?The concepts of different academic pedigrees behind the disputes could be clearly distinguished.To explore“new poetry”and“ballads”,a perspective of resource genesis is required:not only ballads,but also any aesthetic resources can not be separated from the complex sociological context of interwoven political and cultural factors.By reviewing these two debates,this study attempts to restore the comprehensibility of history in the specific context.