自卑与救赎——郁达夫的创作心理论

Inferiority and Redemption:On YU Dafu's Writing Psychology

在郁达夫的心灵世界深处,潜隐着一个挥之不去的幽灵——自卑情结。童年生活中的创伤性情境构成了郁达夫自卑意识滋生的土壤;中华民族屈辱的、备受歧视的国际地位以及他因自我封闭而造成的极端孤立的现实处境,又进一步强化了他内心的自卑意识。这种自卑意识最终发展成为其人格结构深层占支配地位的自卑情结。自卑情结不但激发了郁达夫作为一个作家潜在的成长动机,而且影响、制约甚至规定了他的审美意向和艺术选择。于是,郁达夫选择了写作作为精神救赎之路,从而实现了对自卑的审美超越。

The inferiority complex which was like a ghost and could not be eradicated had been hiding in YU Dafu's deep heart and soul.The traumatic situation in his childhood formed the breeding ground of his inferior consciousness.Even more,the humilitated and discriminated international status of the Chinese nation,and his absolutely isolated reality resulting from his heart-closed ego,both of which forcefully enforced the inferior consciousness in his inner heart and soul.Eventually the inferior consciousness had been developed into the dominant inferiority complex lying in his deep characteristic structure.Not only YU Dafu's potential growth motivation as a writer was evoked by the inferiority complex,but also his aesthetic intention and artistic choice was affected,restricted and even stipulated by it.Therefore,YU Dafu selected writing as a way of his spiritual redemption,which made him transcend the inferiority in the aesthetic sense.