茎属线虫发生的马铃薯田植物寄生线虫分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Potato Fields Occurring Ditylenchus

在有腐烂茎线虫发生的马铃薯田土壤中共发现9属植物寄生线虫。其中,短体属(Pratylenchus)、茎属(Ditylenchus)、拟滑刃属(Paraphelenchus)和真滑刃属(Aphelechus)为优势属,野外垫刃属(Aglenchus)、孢囊属(Heterodera)、螺旋属(Helicotylenchus)和发垫刃属(Trichotylenchus)为常见属,轮属(Criconemoides)为稀有属;植物寄生线虫在田间有集中连片分布的特点;春季马铃薯田植物寄生线虫主要分布在10~20 cm土层中,之后随着深度的增加数量逐渐减少;茎属线虫具有时期动态,春季线虫密度最小,秋季线虫密度最大。

A total of 9 genera of plant-parasitic nematodes were found in potato fields where Ditylenchus destructors occurred.Among them,nematodes Pratylenchus,Ditylenchus,Aphelenchoides and Aphelechus were the dominant genera.Nematodes Aglenchus,Heterodera,Helicotylenchus and Trichotylenchus were common genera.Criconemoides was rare genus.The distribution characteristics of plant-parasitic nematodes in fields was concentrated as a whole.In spring,plant-parasitic nematodes in potato fields were mainly distributed in the soil layer of 10-20 cm.Afterwards,the amount of plant-parasitic nematodes decreased gradually along with the increase of soil depth.The density of Ditylenchus showed temporal dynamics with minimum in spring and maximum in autumn.