城市桥梁典型病害与运营风险管控

Typical Diseases of Urban Bridge and Risk Control of Operation

针对城市桥梁运营安全风险问题,开展运营风险点分析和管养决策研究。研究梳理了城市桥梁结构特点,明确了典型城市桥梁结构运营风险和外因风险。通过风险矩阵,明确了不同运营风险的危险等级;结合管理决策矩阵,明确了不同管养策略的实施阶段。建立了城市桥梁运营期针对典型风险的中长期处置制度。结论一,典型的城市桥梁结构风险包括空心板铰缝失效、索结构失效、独柱墩倾覆等;结论二,典型的城市桥梁外因风险包括超载重车、火灾、车船撞、洪涝等;结论三,可通过风险分析和科学决策,建立系统科学的中长期处置措施,改善结构专项性能,提高桥梁风险管控能力。

Aiming at the safety risk of urban bridge operation, the operation risk point analysis and the management and maintenance decision-making research are carried out. The structural characteristics of urban bridge are studied and sorted out. The operation risk and external cause risk of typical urban bridge structure are defined. The danger levels for the different operational risks are defined through the risk matrix.Combined with the management decision matrix, the implementation stages of the different management and maintenance strategies are defined, and the medium and long-term disposal systems for the typical risks during the operation period of urban bridges are established. The conclusions are as follows: 1) the typical urban bridge structural risks include the hollow slab hinge joint failure, cable structure failure, and single column pier overturning, 2) the typical external cause risks of urban bridges include the overloading and heavy vehicles, fire, vehicle ship collision, flood and waterlogging, 3) through the risk analysis and scientific decision, the systematic and scientific medium and long-term disposal systems can be established to improve the risk control capacity of bridges.