国内外铁路罐车罐体厚度计算标准对比研究

Comparative Study on Thickness Calculation Standards of Railway Tank Car at Home and Abroad

针对铁路罐车罐体厚度的计算,首先阐述了目前国内外铁路罐车罐体设计的主要标准,然后介绍了各标准中罐体厚度的计算公式并进行对比,最后以某液氨铁路罐车为示例,在相同的设计条件下对不同内径尺寸的筒体和封头分别进行计算和对比。结果表明:在相同条件下采用各标准对铁路罐车罐体厚度进行计算,EN 14025计算结果最为保守,RID和AAR次之,GB/T 10478为最小,且罐体最小厚度值随着内径尺寸的增大而增大。文中在材料参数选取、压力定义和许用应力等方面做了详细的说明,并比较了各标准罐体壁厚计算结果,可为铁路罐车罐体厚度计算标准的选取提供参考。

Aiming at the calculation of tank thickness of railway tank car,this paper first describes the main standards of tank body design at home and abroad,then introduces the calculation formula of tank thickness in each standard and compares them.Finally,taking a liquid ammonia railway tank car as an example,the cylinder and head with different inner diameter sizes are calculated and compared under the same design conditions.The results show that:under the same conditions,the calculation results of EN 14025 are the most conservative,followed by RID and AAR,and GB/T 10478 is the smallest.The minimum thickness value of tank body increases with the increase of inner diameter.In this paper,the material parameter selection,pressure definition and allowable stress are described in detail,and the calculation results of each standard tank body wall thickness are compared which can provide references for the selection of calculation standard of tank body thickness for railway tank car.