电流和压力对接地装置磨损的影响

Effect of Current and Pressure on Grounding Device Wear

在自制的动车组接地装置仿真试验台上对轴端接地装置的摩擦副进行载流摩擦磨损试验,采用石墨/铜复合材料和锡青铜配副,研究了石墨/铜复合材料的载流磨损行为。试验速度380 km/h、压力28 N、不同电流条件下的摩擦磨损行为和速度为380 km/h、电流为470 A、不同压力条件下的摩擦磨损行为,并对不同电流下碳刷摩擦磨损表面进行扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,对不同电流条件下碳刷磨屑进行X射线衍射(XRD)分析。得出电流从0增加到470 A,随着电流的增大,碳刷磨损量先减少后增加,在100 A左右时,磨损量最小;温度随着电流的增大而升高;不同压力条件下,压力从18 N增加到34 N,磨损量先减小后增大;在24 N左右时,碳刷磨损量最小。材料的主要磨损型式为磨粒磨损,黏着磨损和电弧烧蚀。

The current-carrying friction and wear test of the friction pair of the shaft end grounding device was carried out on the selfmade EMU grounding device simulation test bench.Graphite/copper composite material and tin bronze matching pair were used to study the current-carrying wear behavior of graphite/copper composite material.Tests were finished at a speed of 380 km/h;pressure 28 N,friction and wear behavior under different current conditions and a speed of 380 km/h,current 470 A,friction and wear behavior under different pressure conditions,and friction and wear under different currents.The surface was observed by SEM,and XRD diffraction analysis was performed on carbon brush wear debris under different conditions.It is concluded that the current increases from 0 A to 470 A.As the current increases,the amount of carbon brush wear decreases first and then increases.At about 100 A,the amount of wear is the smallest;the temperature increases with the increase of the current under different pressure conditions.When the pressure increases from 18 N to 34 N,the amount of wear first decreases and then increases;at about 24 N,the amount of carbon brush wear is the smallest.The main wear patterns of materials are abrasive wear,adhesive wear and arc ablation.