秦岭金堆城钼矿区常见植物对镉和铬的富集作用

Cd and Cr Enrichment by Common Plants in Jinduicheng Molybdenum Mining Area of Qinling Mountains

采集秦岭金堆城矿区18种植物样品及其根际土壤样品,湿法消解后,用原子吸收分光光度法对样品中Cd和Cr含量进行分析,用富集系数和转移系数评价所采集植物对Cd和Cr的富集作用。结果表明:长蕊石头花对Cd的富集系数为0.7442,转移系数为3.1094,腺柳对Cd的富集系数和转移系数均接近1,这2种植物都接近超累积植物标准;灰灰菜、刺槐、白莲蒿、蛇床子对Cd转移系数大于1.0,也有较大的研究价值;益母草对Cr的富集系数大于1,蛇床子、白酒草、毛连菜、蓼和刺槐对Cr的转移系数大于1;其中蛇床子对Cr的转移系数达到6以上,说明蛇床子将地下部分的Cr元素转移至地上部分能力较强,可以进一步开展试验验证。

Eighteen species of plant samples and their rhizosphere soil samples were collected from Jinduicheng molybdenum mining area of Qinling Mountains,and were performed wetdigestion with acids.The contents of Cd and Cr in the samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry(AAS).The enrichment effect of the collected plants on the above two kinds of heavy metals was evaluated by enrichment coefficient and transfer coefficient.The results show that the transfer coefficient of Gypsophila oldhamiana for Cd is 3.1094,and the enrichment coefficient is 0.7442;the enrichment coefficient and transfer coefficient of Salix chaenomeloides var.glandulifolia for Cd are all close to 1;therefore these two plants are nearly hyperaccumulators.Chenopodium album,Robinia pseudoacacia,Artemisia stechmanniana and Cnidium monnieri also have great research value because their Cd transfer coefficients are all greater than 1.0.The enrichment coefficient of Leonurus japonicus for Cr is over 1.The transfer coefficients of Cnidium monnieri,Eschenbachia japonica,Picris hieracioides,Polygonum L.and Robinia pseudoacacia for Cr are all over 1;especially the transfer coefficient of Cnidium monnieri exceeds 6,indicating that it has a strong ability to transfer Cr element from its underground part to its aboveground part,so it is worthy of further experiment and verification.