甜菜碱对植物镉胁迫抗性影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Regulation of Betaine on Plant Resistance to Cadmium Stress

农作物受到镉污染严重危害食用人群的健康,甜菜碱在调节植物重金属胁迫抗性有重要作用。综述了近年来甜菜碱影响植物响应镉胁迫的研究进展,并重点阐述了其调控机制:增强植物光系统的保护,提高光合速率;加强活性氧清除能力;增加植株体内渗透调节物质的含量,提高根际土壤中可溶性糖、溶解有机碳及低分子量有机酸的含量及叶片中果胶、叶绿素含量来促进镉吸收;通过调节各种离子的积累维持植物体内营养元素的平衡。最后探讨了需要关注的研究方向。

Cadmium(Cd)pollution in crops has caused serious health damage to the consumption crowd.Betaine has important significance in regulating plant resistance to heavy metal stress.This article has reviewed the latest research progress related to the effects of betaine on plant response to cadmium stress in recent years,and has focused on the regulatory mechanism of betaine:enhancing the protection for plant photosystems and increasing photosynthetic rate;enhancing the ability of scavenging reactive oxygen species;increasing the content of osmoprotectant;promoting cadmium absorption by increasing the soluble sugars,dissolved organic carbon and low-molecular-weight organic acids in rhizosphere soil,and by increasing the chlorophyll and pectin contents in leaves;and regulating the accumulation of heavy metals to maintain the balance of nutrients in plants.Finally,the research directions that need attention are discussed.