浅谈清朝西藏的治理及地方职官制度

A Tentative Discussion on the Governance of Tibet and the System of Local Officials in the Qing Dynasty

清朝前期,西藏地方政局风云变幻,清中央政府不断调整政策,从扶植世俗势力间接治藏的以蒙治藏、众噶伦执政和郡王掌政,到1751年确立了以达赖喇嘛为首的政教合一制度,并直接派官设制管理西藏地方。清中央政府对西藏的治理、西藏地方政治制度的变迁及主要职官的设置情况,形成了西藏地方的政治管理体制。

In the early period of the Qing Dynasty,the local political situation in Tibet was changing.The central government of the Qing Dynasty adjusted its policies constantly,from indirectly governing Tibet of supporting secular forces with Mongolian government,Kalons in power and county Kings in power,to establishing theocracy system headed by the Dalai Lama in 1751,and directly sending officials to administer Tibet.The governance of Tibet by the central government of the Qing Dynasty,the changes in the local political system in Tibet and the setting of major officials formed the local political management system in Tibet.