“新”在何处:哈丽特·瑞特沃的新动物史研究

How“New”It is:On Harriet Ritvo’s New Animal History

哈丽特·瑞特沃是美国当代著名的历史学家,主要从事动物史研究。她超越了西方传统动物史的研究路径,致力于新动物史的发展,并成为这一领域的开创者。在史学实践上,她注重研究对象的丰富性,以凸显动物在人类历史过程中的价值;强调研究史料的多样性,积极扩充史料范围;主张研究方法采取跨学科融合,重视应用新文化史与微观史学方法。瑞特沃的研究在一定程度上弥补了传统动物史的缺陷,但不足之处在于其研究仍含有人类中心论色彩。

Harriet Ritvo is a famous contemporary American historian,mainly engaged in animal history.She goes beyond the research path of traditional western animal history,devoted herself to the development of new animal history,and becomes a pioneer in this field.In her research practice in history,she pays attention to the varieties of the research objects and tries to highlight the value of animals in the process of human history;she emphasizes the diversity of historical materials and actively expands the scope of historical materials;she advocates interdisciplinary research and attaches importance to applying methods of new cultural history and micro history.To a certain extent,Ritvo’s research has made up for the defects of the traditional animal history,but it still falls into the trap of anthropocentrism and Eurocentrism.