湖南省德夯峡谷生境种子植物功能性状多样性

Diversity of Functional Traits of Seed Plants in Dehang Canyon,Hu’nan Province

为探明峡谷生境植物功能性状多样性组成基本规律,该研究以湖南省德夯峡谷1627种种子植物为对象,选择生长型、叶型、叶级等7个营养性状以及性系统、花序类型、果实类型等6个繁殖性状为参数,建立该区域种子植物功能性状数据库并进行统计分析。结果表明:(1)受峡谷温热潮湿环境影响,德夯种子植物营养性状既有中亚热带又有南亚热带植物功能性状特点,生长型以多年生草本为主,叶性质以中小型叶、单叶、纸质、全缘、不裂、互生、两面都无毛为主,且中型叶多于小型叶。(2)德夯种子植物繁殖性状以两性花、顶生和腋生无限花序、干果、动物传播种子为主,且雌雄同株植物多于雌雄异株,表现出对峡谷生境的适应特性;花期主要集中在4~8月,果期主要集中在7~10月。研究发现,植物功能性状数据库在探寻特定环境下植物多样性组成规律时具有重要作用,值得进一步深入研究和运用。

We selected 1627 seed plants in Dehang Canyon of Hunan Province to explore the diversity composition basic rules of plant functional traits in the canyon habitat.Seven nutritional traits such as growth type,leaf type and leaf size and six reproductive traits such as sexual system,inflorescence type and fruit type were selected as the parameters for establishing the functional traits database of seed plants in this region.By statistical analysis of the database,we found that:(1)the nutritional traits of Dehang seed plants have the characteristics of both middle and south subtropical plant functional traits affected by the warm and humid environment of the canyon.The growth type was mostly perennial herbs,and the leaf was mainly mesophyllous and microphyllous,simple,papery,entire,undivided,alternate and hairless while the proportion of mesophyll was higher than that of microphyll.(2)The reproductive traits of Dehang seed plants were dominantly bisexuality,terminal and axillary infinite inflorescences,dry fruits and seeds spread by animals.There were more monoecious plants than dioecious,showing the adaptability to canyon habitat.The flowering period was concentrated from April to August,while the fruiting period was mainly from July to October.It is found that plant functional trait database plays an important role in exploring the composition rule of plant diversity in a specific environment,which is worthy of further researching and applying.