中国航空航天硬科技产业自主创新模式演进历程及其启示——基于产业创新演化系统分析框架

The Evolution Process of Independent Innovation Model in Chinese Aerospace and the Chip Hard Technology Industry-Based on the Analysis Framework of Industrial Innovation Evolution System

硬科技产业不仅是高精尖产业,更是一个国家发展并保持竞争优势的战略产业。航空航天产业是当今世界最为典型的硬科技产业之一。基于产业创新演化系统,从“横向”和“纵向”两个维度,回顾总结中国航空航天硬科技产业自主创新模式的演进历程,可发现:中国在航空航天、尤其是航天硬科技产业自主创新发展的早期、中期和后期,在举国体制下,各创新主体能够较为恰当地在采取引进消化吸收再创新模式的基础上,采取原始创新模式以及集成创新模式,并确保后两种模式的主导地位,获得了相当大的成功。为中国在较短时期从航空航天弱国走向航天大国,进而实现航空航天强国奠定了良好基础;也为中国建设航空航天强国,实现高水平科技自立自强提供了有益启示。

Hard technology industry is not only a high-tech industry,but also a strategic industry for a country to develop and maintain its competitive advantage.The aerospace industry is one of the most typical hard technology industries in the world today.Based on the industrial innovation evolution system,the paper reviews and summarizes the evolution of the independent innovation model of China’s aerospace hard technology industry from the two dimensions of“horizontal”and“vertical”,and finds that:In the early,middle and late stages of independent innovation and development of China’s aerospace industry,especially the aerospace hard technology industry,under the nationwide system,each innovation subject appropriately adopted the original innovation mode and the integrated innovation mode on the basis of introducing,digesting and absorbing re-innovation mode,and ensured the dominance of these two modes,thus achieved considerable success,which has laid a good foundation for China to transform from a weak aerospace country to an aerospace power in a relatively short period of time,and then to become a strong aerospace country,and provided useful inspiration for China to build itself into an aerospace power and achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.