发展传播学的叙事更新与逻辑转化:“传播基础设施”的概念与取向之辩

Narrative Renewal and Logical Transformation in Development Communication:Debates on Concepts and Orientations of “Communication Infrastructure”

传播基础设施的场所建造、资源分配与技术扩散是理解发展传播学取向的重要切入点。以此为问题意识,可归纳不同研究取向的发展传播学对“基础设施”的不同理解与价值关怀。埃弗里特·罗杰斯的研究与论述鼓励后发国家和地区,围绕传播基础设施进行自主开发与探索,但仍具有较为明显的技术中心主义和去意识形态色彩。以达拉斯·斯麦兹为代表的传播政治经济学取向下的发展传播学研究,更加直截了当地批判西方发达资本主义国家在传播基础设施资源分配上的霸权,关注建设传播基础设施的“技术民族主义”及其应用过程中如何实现“去依附”。在全球传播高度平台化的时代语境下,通过发展传播学中的“基础设施”内涵与外延之辩,可把握当下存在激烈冲突的信息传播秩序和充满剧烈变动的知识生产体制,促成发展传播学的叙事更新与逻辑转化。

The construction, resource allocation, and technology diffusion of communication infrastructure are important entry points for understanding the research orientations of development communication.Taking this as the problem awareness, we can summarize the different understandings and value concerns of different research orientations of development communication on “infrastructure”.Although Everett Rogers’ research and discourse encouraged developing countries and regions to explore their own communication infrastructure, it is still more clearly techno-centric and de-ideological.The political economy approach to development communication, as represented by Dallas Smythe, is more straightforward in its critique of the hegemony of Western developed capitalist countries in the allocation of communication infrastructure resources.He focus on the “technological nationalism” in the construction of communication infrastructure, and how to achieve “de-dependence” in the application.In the context of highly platformized global communication, through the debate on the connotation and extension of “infrastructure” in the development of communication science, we can grasp the current information communication order with fierce conflicts and the knowledge production system full of drastic changes, and promote the narrative renewal and logical transformation of the development of communication science.