厦门市某镇3岁以下儿童营养状况分析

Analysis on Nutritional Status of Children Under 3 Years Old in a Town of Xiamen

目的分析厦门市某镇3岁以下儿童的营养与健康现状,为儿童保健工作提供参考。方法利用厦门市妇幼信息系统,收集2020年1月1日—12月31日在某镇中心卫生院儿童保健科体检的3岁以下儿童资料共5065份,对其营养与健康监测结果进行分析。结果该镇3岁以下儿童的低体重率、消瘦率以及生长迟缓率分别为0.20%、0.49%和0.89%,各年龄组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。超重和肥胖发生率较高,检出率分别为11.98%和2.78%,各年龄组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随年龄增长呈下降趋势。不同地区及性别儿童在低体重、消瘦、肥胖方面的比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论该镇3岁以下儿童的体格发育整体状况良好,但营养不良、营养过剩现象仍有存在。超重、肥胖为现阶段儿童发育的主要问题,需重点关注及干预。

Objective To analyze the nutrition and health status of children under 3 years old in a town of Xiamen,and provide the reference for child care.Methods Using the Xiamen Maternal and Child Information System,the data of 5065 children under 3 years old who were examined in the child health department of a town central health center from January 1 to December 31 in 2020 were collected,and the nutrition and health monitoring results were analyzed.Results The low weight rate,emaciation rate and growth retardation rate of children under 3 years old were 0.20%,0.49%and 0.89%,respectively.There was no significant difference among all age groups(P>0.05).The incidence of overweight and obesity was higher,with the detection rate of 11.98%and 2.78%,respectively.The difference was statistically significant among all age groups(P<0.05),and it showed a downward trend with the increase of age.There was no significant difference in low weight,emaciation and obesity between children of different regions and genders(all P>0.05).Conclusion The physical development of children under 3 years old in a town in Xiamen is generally good,but malnutrition still exist.Overweight and obesity are the main problems of children's development at the present stage,which need to be focused and intervened.