提取工艺对柠檬多糖得率及理化特征的影响

Effects of Extraction Processes on the Yield and Physicochemical Characteristics of Lemon Polysaccharide

研究热回流提取(HRE)、复合酶辅助提取(EAE)、超声辅助提取(UAE)、复合酶辅助超声提取(UEE)、微波辅助提取(MAE)及复合酶辅助微波提取(MEE)工艺对柠檬多糖(LPs)得率及理化特征的影响。UEE多糖(LP_(UE))和MEE多糖(LP_(ME))经过DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B阴离子交换和Sephadex G-150凝胶柱层析分离和纯化得到四种多糖组分(命名为LP_(UE)-1和LP_(UE)-2、LP_(ME)-1和LP_(ME)-2)。结果表明,LP_(UE)的得率最高(40.23±1.18)%,较HRE多糖(LP_(HR))的得率(15.30±1.22)%提高了162.94%。六个组分的蛋白质含量(PC)、糖醛酸含量(UAC)、总黄酮含量(TFC)及总多酚含量(TPC)分别在(1.88±0.16)%~(2.32±0.22)%、(18.71±1.04)%~(31.89±2.21)%、(0.98±0.07)%~(1.46±0.23)%、(0.16±0.01)%~(0.42±0.04)%。LP_(HR)的PC最高(2.32±0.22)%;LP_(ME)的UAC(31.89±2.21)%、TFC(1.46±0.13)%和TPC(0.42±0.04)%最高。傅里叶变换红外光谱显示,不同提取工艺并没有改变多糖的主要官能团,紫外光谱显示多糖含有蛋白质。UAE和MEE工艺在提高LPs得率的同时,还能够增加UAC、TFC及TPC,是两种高效的多糖提取和改性技术。

In this paper,the effects of thermal reflux extraction(HRE),complex enzyme assisted extraction(EAE),ultrasonic assisted extraction(UAE),ultrasonic complex enzyme extraction(UEE),microwave-assisted extraction(MAE)and microwave complex enzyme extraction(MEE)on the yield and physicochemical characteristics of lemon polysaccharide(LPs)were investigated.UEE polysaccharide(LP_(UE))and MEE polysaccharide(LP_(ME))were separated by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B anion exchange column chromatography and purified by Sephadex G-150 gel to obtain four polysaccharide fractions(named LP_(UE)-1 and LP_(UE)-2,LP_(ME)-1 and LP_(ME)-2).The results showed that the yield of LP_(UE) was the highest(40.23±1.18)%,which was 162.94%higher than that of LP_(HR)(15.30±1.22)%.The contents of protein(PC),uronic acid(UAC),total flavonoids(TFC)and total phenols(TPC)of the six fractions were(1.88±0.16)%to(2.32±0.22)%,(18.71±1.04)%to(31.89±2.21)%,(0.98±0.07)%to(1.46±0.23)%,and(0.16±0.01)%to(0.42±0.04)%,respectively.The PC of LP_(HR) was the highest(2.32±0.22)%,and the UAC(31.89±2.21)%,TFC(1.46±0.13)%and TPC(0.42±0.04)%of LP_(ME) were the highest.Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FT-IR)showed that the main functional groups of polysaccharides were not changed by different extraction processes,and UV spectrum showed that polysaccharides contained proteins.The results showed that UAE and MEE could not only increase the yield of LPs,but also increase the UAC,TFC and TPC,which were two efficient polysaccharide extraction and modification technologies.