结核性胸膜炎患者肺康复训练的研究进展

Advances in the study on pulmonary rehabilitation training for patients with tuberculous pleurisy

结核性胸膜炎患者肺功能恢复状况对患者后期生活质量影响较大,治疗不及时易使脏层胸膜吸收能力下降,引发胸膜粘连、肥厚等,也可导致结核性脓胸,是造成患者胸痛、呼吸功能降低、呼吸困难等症状的主要原因。临床常使用药物、手术等治疗该疾病,但仅能缓解患者症状,治疗较为局限,肺康复训练可通过呼吸、肢体活动等锻炼方式,有效改善患者呼吸肌功能、耐力及协调性,增加肺活量和吸氧量,促进肺功能恢复,改善患者呼吸症状及精神状态,且预后良好,本研究通过对肺康复训练方式、疗效、有效性及安全性进行总结阐述,希望能够为临床医护人员安全、有效地开展肺康复训练提供参考依据。

The recovery status of pulmonary function of patients with tuberculous pleurisy may seriously affect the quality of life of patients in the later stage.The failure of timely treatment of tuberculous pleurisy will easily lead to a decrease in the absorption capacity of the visceral pleura and further result in pleural adhesions and hypertrophy,or even tuberculous empyema,which is the cause of chest pain,declined respiratory function and dyspnea.Tuberculous pleurisy is often treated clinically with drugs,surgery and other methods,but these treatments can only relieve patients’symptoms and have limitations in use.Fortunately,pulmonary rehabilitation training can effectively improve patients’respiratory muscle function,endurance and coordination,as well as increase lung capacity and oxygen intake,thereby promoting lung function recovery and improving respiratory symptoms and mental status by means of breathing in and out,physical activity and other exercise methods.And this training method can bring sound prognosis for patients.This paper summarizes and elaborates on the mode,efficacy,effectiveness and safety of pulmonary rehabilitation training,aiming to provide a reference basis for clinical medical and nursing staff to carry out pulmonary rehabilitation training safely and effectively.