基于炙甘草与生甘草化学成分、药理作用差异的临床应用探讨

Discussion on clinical application based on the differences of chemical composition and pharmacological action between radix glycyrrhizae preparata and raw radix glycyrrhizae

本研究结合炙甘草的历史应用及现代研究成果,对生甘草与炙甘草的合理使用进行探讨。甘草经炮制后,化学成分种类基本相同,但含量发生了较大的变化,炙甘草黄酮类成分含量较高,特别是甘草素、异甘草素等活性较高的游离黄酮类成分更高,而甘草酸等三萜类成分含量较低。两者化学成分含量相差较大,从而导致药理作用的差异。在治疗心律失常、镇痛、抗氧化等方面黄酮类成分发挥主要作用,宜用炙甘草;在配伍解毒、止咳平喘方面三萜皂苷甘草酸发挥主要作用,宜用生甘草。化学成分差异的本质可为二者合理应用提供理论指导。

In this paper,based on the historical application and modern research results of radix glycyrrhizae preparata,the rational use of raw radix glycyrrhizae and radix glycyrrhizae preparata was discussed.After processing radix glycyrrhizae,its chemical composition types are basically the same,but the contents have changed greatly.The content of flavonoids in radix glycyrrhizae preparata is relatively high,that of free flavonoids with higher activity such as glycyrrhizin and isoliquiritigenin is even higher,while the content of triterpenoids such as glycyrrhizic acid is relatively low.There is a large difference in the content of chemical components between the two,which results in the difference of pharmacological effects.The flavonoids play a major role in the treatment of arrhythmia,analgesia,antioxidation and so on,so radix glycyrrhizae preparata is appropriate.The triterpenoid saponins glycyrrhizic acid plays a major role in compatibility and detoxification and relieving cough and asthma,so raw radix glycyrrhizae is appropriate.The nature of the difference in chemical composition of the two can provide theoretical guidanc e for their rational application.