某院2021年儿科住院患儿抗菌药物使用情况分析

Analysis on the use of antibiotics in pediatric inpatients in a hospital in 2021

目的了解和分析厦门市第五医院(简称“我院”)2021年儿科住院患儿抗菌药物使用情况,为促进儿童合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法从我院病历系统中等距抽取2021年1月1日至12月31日300例儿科出院患儿的病历,统计并分析抗菌药物使用情况。结果300例儿科住院患儿中有264例使用抗菌药物,抗菌药物使用率为88.00%,以静脉给药为主(94.32%);使用的抗菌药物共17种,以青霉素类、头孢菌素类、大环内酯类为主;排名前三的疾病分别为急性支气管炎、急性上呼吸道感染和急性胃肠炎,抗菌药物使用率分别为100.00%、95.12%、78.89%;抗菌药物用药合理或基本合理者242例(91.67%),用药不合理共22例(8.33%);联合用药共17例(6.44%),以头孢菌素类+大环内酯类、青霉素类+大环内酯类联用为主;儿科共上报17例抗菌药物引起的药品不良反应;病原微生物送检率为94.70%,检出阳性率为25.20%。结论我院儿科住院患者使用抗菌药物存在不合理情况,主要体现在选药不合理、无指征用药、重复用药方面。

Objective To understand and analyze the use of antibiotics in pediatric inpatients in the Fifth Hospital of Xiamen(hereinafter referred to as"our hospital")in 2021,so as to provide reference for promoting the rational use of antibiotics in children.Methods 300 medical records of pediatric discharged children from January 1 to December 31,2021 were selected in an equidistant manner from the medical record system of our hospital,and the use of antibiotics was counted and analyzed.Results Among the 300 children,264 cases used antibiotics.The utilization rate of antibiotics was 88.00%,mainly by intravenous administration(94.32%).There were 17 kinds of antibiotics used,mainly penicillins,cephalosporins and macrolides.The top three diseases were acute bronchitis,acute upper respiratory tract infection and acute gastroenteritis,for which the utilization rate of antibiotics was 100%,95.12%and 78.89%respectively.242 cases(91.67%)used antibiotics in a rational or basically rational way,while 22 cases(8.33%)used antibiotics in an irrational way.A total of 17 cases(6.44%)underwent combined medication,mainly with combination of cephalosporins and macrolides or penicillins and macrolides.A total of 17 cases of adverse drug reactions caused by antibiotics were reported in pediatrics.The submission rate of clinical pathogenic microorganism specimens was 94.70%,and the positive rate was 25.20%.Conclusion The use of antibiotics in pediatric inpatients in our hospital is irrational,which is mainly reflected in the irrational selection of drugs,the use of drugs without indications,and the repeated use of drugs.