卷丹百合远缘杂交及杂种后代的鉴定

Distant hybridization of Lilium lancifolium Thunb.and identification of its hybrid progeny

为培育抗性强、观赏性优良的卷丹百合新种质,采用液体培养基悬滴法测定3个观赏百合品种‘Black stone’‘Tresor’‘Sorbonne’的花粉生活力;用蕾期授粉、正常授粉、延迟授粉、切割柱头授粉方式分别与母本卷丹百合进行杂交,对获得的杂交后代进行胚珠培养及增殖扩繁,采用SSR分子标记的方法鉴定杂种的真实性。结果表明:‘Sorbonne’的花粉萌发率总体高于‘Black stone’和‘Tresor’;蕾期授粉的结实率最高,为14.44%;卷丹בBlack stone’组合获得蒴果数量最多,共得到了17个蒴果;对杂交蒴果进行胚珠培养,得到9株F1代杂种苗;筛选杂种苗增殖扩繁的较适培养基为MS+30 g/L蔗糖+0.1 mg/L NAA+1 mg/L 6–BA+8 g/L琼脂;鳞茎膨大生根较适培养基为MS+80 g/L蔗糖+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.05 mg/L 6–BA+0.75 g/L活性炭+6.5 g/L琼脂,最适培养环境为黑暗培养;通过4对引物鉴定证实卷丹בTresor’的2个杂种株系为真实杂种。

In order to cultivate new varieties of Lilium lancifolium with strong resistance and excellent ornament,the pollen viability of three ornamental lily cultivars‘Black stone’,‘Tresor’and‘Sorbonne’was measured by liquid medium hanging drop method,which were respectively used to conduct distant crosses with female parent Lilium lancifolium Thunb.using bud stage pollination,normal pollination,delayed pollination,and stigma-cutting pollination.Ovules of the obtained hybrid progeny were cultured and multiplied,and the authenticity of the hybrid was identified by the method of SSR molecular marker.The results showed that the pollen germination rate of‘Sorbonne’was generally higher than that of‘Black stone’and‘Tresor’;the seed setting rate with pollination at the bud stage was the highest,which was 14.44%;the hybrid combination with the largest number of capsules is Lilium lancifolium Thunb.בBlack stone’,with 17 capsules.Ovules of the hybrid capsules were cultured,and 9 F1 generation hybrid seedlings were obtained.The optimum medium formula for hybrid seedling propagation is MS+30 g/L sucrose+0.1 mg/L NAA+1 mg/L 6-BA+8 g/L agar.The optimal medium formula for bulb expansion and rooting is MS+80 g/L sucrose+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.05 mg/L 6-BA+0.75 g/L activated carbon+6.5 g/L agar,and the optimal culture environment is dark nourish.Finally,the two hybrid lines of Lilium lancifolium Thunb.בTresor’were confirmed to be true hybrids through SSR molecular mark identification using four pairs of primers.