安宁地区住院患儿呼吸道病原体七联检阳性检测结果分析

Analysis on the Positive Test Results of Seven Joint Tests for Respiratory Pathogens in Hospitalized Children in Anning Area

目的分析安宁地区住院患儿呼吸道感染病毒病原体阳性检测结果。方法选择2019年9月至2022年2月安宁地区住院患儿1766例为研究对象,根据年龄分为<6月龄组、6月龄~4岁组、4~14岁组;根据新冠疫情防控,2019年9月至2020年2月前为公众防护前,2020年2月后公众防护后;采集所有患儿鼻咽拭子标本,采用直接免疫荧光法测定甲型流感病毒抗原、乙型流感病毒抗原、呼吸道合胞病毒抗原、腺病毒抗原、副流感病毒Ⅰ型抗原、副流感病毒Ⅱ型抗原、副流感病毒Ⅲ型抗原7种呼吸道病原体,统计分析患儿呼吸道病原体检出情况。结果1766例患儿呼吸道感染病毒病原学检出阳性584例,阳性率为33.07%,呼吸道病毒病原体中检出主要以呼吸道合胞病毒(316例/17.89%)、腺病毒(90例/5.10%)、副流感病毒Ⅲ型(82例/4.64%)为主;患儿呼吸道感染病毒病原体阳性主要集中在<6月龄组、6月龄~4岁组,检出阳性率分别为111例(34.69%)、327例(34.31%),不同年龄段呼吸道感染病原体检测阳性率,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.392,P=0.031);公众防护后甲型流感病毒检出阳性率0.29%低于公众防护前5.94%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);公众防护前后乙型流感病毒抗原、腺病毒抗原、副流感病毒Ⅰ型、副流感病毒Ⅱ型、副流感病毒Ⅱ型检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论安宁地区住院患儿呼吸道感染病毒病原学检出率较高,呼吸道合胞病毒是主要病原体,公众防护后甲型流感病毒检出阳性率明显下降,故继续做好公众防护对防范甲型流感亦有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the positive test results of respiratory tract virus pathogens in hospitalized children in Anning area. Methods A total of 1 766 hospitalized children in Anning District from September 2019to February 2022 were selected as subjects,and they were divided into < 6 months old group,6 months to 4 years old group,and 4 to 14 years old group according to their age. According to the prevention and control of COVID-19,the period from September 2019 to February 2020 shall be before public protection,and the period after February2020 shall be after public protection. All children’ s nasopharyngeal swab samples were tested by using direct immunofluorescence method for determination of antigen of influenza a virus,hepatitis b antigen of influenza virus,respiratory syncytial virus antigen and antigen of adenovirus,vice antigen of influenza virus type Ⅰ,parainfluenzaⅡ antigen and deputy antigen of influenza virus type Ⅲ seven respiratory pathogens,and the data of children with respiratory tract pathogen examination were statistically analyzed. Results Among 1 766 children,584(33.07%) were positive for respiratory virus pathogens. The main pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus( 316 cases/17.89%),adenovirus (90 cases/5.10%) and parainfluenza virus TYPEⅢ(82 cases/4.64%).The positive rate of respiratory tract infection pathogen in children was mainly concentrated in<6 months old group and 6 months to 4years old group,with 111 (34.69%) and 327 (34.31%) cases,respectively.There was statistical significance in the positive rate of respiratory tract infection pathogens in different age groups(χ^(2)=8.392,P=0.031).The positive rate of influenza A virus detected after public protection (0.29%) was lower than that before public protection (5.94%),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in the detection rate of influenza B virus antigen,adenovirus antigen,parainfluenza virusⅠ,parainfluenza virusⅡand parainfluenza virusⅡbefore and after public protection (P>0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of virus etiology of respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children in Anning area is high,respiratory syncytial virus is the main pathogen,and the positive rate of influenza A virus detection decreases obviously after public protection,so it is important to continue to do public protection to prevent influenza A.