近现代以来西方学者对中国传统山水价值的探究

The Exploration of Chinese Traditional Shanshui Value by Modern Western Scholars

基于东西方不同的哲学基础和认识论背景,在文献分析的基础上,围绕17世纪以来西方学者对我国两种类型的山水价值研究,以历时性分析方式分类阐述物质世界和精神世界的山水内容及其关联。其中,物质世界的山水研究主要围绕自然山水、古典园林等自然地理空间的山水内容展开,呈现出人与自然相互交融的整体价值;精神世界的山水则以山水诗、山水画等文化艺术内容为核心,蕴含着深邃的哲学和美学思想。两种类型的山水内容彼此影响、相互渗透。研究结果对西方哲学、美学作出了创新性贡献,但其西方思维与语言、时空障碍的局限性也带来了消极影响,因此,应基于自身文化优势开展国际交流互鉴。

Based on the different philosophical foundations and epistemological backgrounds of the East and the West,this paper focuses on the study of two types of shanshui value in China by Western scholars since the 17th century,on the basis of literature analysis,we used a diachronic analysis method to classify the content and relationship of shanshui in material and spiritual dimensions.Among them,the shanshui of the material world is mainly carried out around the range of natural shanshui,shanshui gardens,and other shanshui in natural geographic spaces.In contrast,the shanshui of the spiritual world is centered on shanshui poems,shanshui paintings,and other cultural and artistic contents.The shanshui of the material world presents the value of the integration of humans and nature,and the shanshui of the spiritual world contains profound philosophical and aesthetic ideas.The two types of shanshui content influence and permeate each other.The results show that these studies have gradually accumulated and formed fruitful results and have made innovative contributions to Western philosophy and aesthetics.However,the limitations of Western thinking,language,time and space barriers have also brought negative effects.Therefore,we should promote the exchange and mutual learning of Chinese and Western cultures based on our cultural advantages.