清至民国时期黔东南的油茶种植与利用探析

The Cultivation and Function of Camellia Oleifera in Southeast Guizhou during the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

清至民国时期黔东南地区的茶油产出与销售在全国占比靠前,用途多样,蕴含丰富的社会经济价值。通过现存的清水江文书及地方志我们可以看到许多关于黔东南油茶的记载,进而可以梳理出该地区油茶的种植源流、种植规模、种植培育和管理概况,分析出茶油、茶饼、茶壳、茶花与茶树在民众生活中的广泛应用情况。作为清至民国时期黔东南民众种植的主要经济林木之一,通过探讨油茶种植与功用可以窥探到其在当时黔东南民众社会生活中的重要性。

In the period of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,the output and sales of camellia oil in southeast Guizhou accounted for the largest proportion in China.Camellia oil has a variety of uses and contains rich economic value.Through the existing Qingshuijiang documents and local Chronicles,we can review a lot of records about camellia oil,which can sort out the reasons and scale of camellia oil planting in southeast Guizhou at that time.Camellia oleifera is one of the main economic trees planted by people in southeast Guizhou from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.By discussing the planting and function of camellia oleifera,we can find out the importance of camellia oleifera in the social life of people in southeast Guizhou at that time.