从个体赋权走向家庭康复——国际家庭暴力干预服务的发展趋势及启示

From Individual Empowerment to Family Rehabilitation:Trend and Implications of International Domestic Violence Intervention Services

欧美国家兴起的反对家庭暴力的庇护运动,推动了家庭暴力干预服务的发展。随着司法机构的介入和立法改革,家庭暴力干预服务从民间群众运动发展成为法制化和制度化的产物。家庭暴力的干预服务重点从个体救助走向赋权,从受害者服务到惠及所有家庭成员,最终关注家庭功能的恢复,形成了以社区为本的、多机构合作、整合性的服务模式,服务内容、服务方法、服务有效性和便捷性得到了全面提升,通过扶惩相济、正本清源,实现了标本兼治。国际家庭暴力干预服务的发展历程和趋势,为我国全面落实《反家庭暴力法》、建立系统的家庭暴力干预服务提供了启发和参考。

The rise of the shelter movement aiming to fight against domestic violence has pushed forward the domestic violence intervention service. The focuses have shifted from individual support to empowerment, from the services for the survivor to the support for the family, and finally to the recovery of the family function. It has formed the community-based, comprehensive, holistic service model, and through which the content, methodology, efficiency and accessibility have been improved wholly. The holistic treatment can be achieved through the combination of the support and the punishment, with the correction of the root of domestic violence. The evolution and trend of the domestic violence intervention service will enlighten and provide references for the implementation of the Anti-Domestic Violence Law and setting up the systematic domestic violence intervention service in China.