社会支持量表在评价高校贫困女生社会支持体系中的运用

The Application of Social Support Scale in the Evaluation of Social Support System for Low-Income Female College Students

高校贫困女生在诸多方面处于弱势地位,需要社会支持。本研究特编制社会支持量表,以评价高校贫困女生社会支持体系。通过探索性因素分析,确认量表具有家庭支持、朋友支持、学校支持三个维度。验证性因素分析支持上述量表结构效度。量表具有良好的内部一致性及可接受的重测信度。将量表运用于评价高校贫困女生社会支持时,发现贫困女生获得的以学校支持为代表的正式支持最弱,非正式支持中除心理支持外,能力和就业支持在高校学生群体中最弱。相关部门应进一步加强对贫困女生的社会支持。

This study designed and compiled a comprehensive social support scale to evaluate the level of social support systems for low-income female college students, and compared them with other groups. The reliability and validity of the scale were tested by statistics. Three common factors were extracted through exploratory factor analysis,and the scale was confirmed to have three dimensions: family support, friend support, and school support by confirmatory factor analysis. The scale has good internal consistency and acceptable test-retest reliability. When the scale was used to evaluate the social support system for low-income female college students, it was found that the formal support of this group was the weakest among college students. Except psychological support in informal support, ability and employment support for the low-income female students were the weakest among college students.Relevant stakeholders should consider effective ways to strengthen the ability and employment support for low-income female college students.