专病一体化低钠饮食管理对维持性血液透析患者增重及残余肾功能的影响

Effects of integrated low sodium diet management for specific diseases on weight gain and residual renal function in maintenance haemodialysis patients

目的探讨专病一体化低钠饮食管理对维持性血液透析(MHD)患者增重及残余肾功能的影响。方法选取本院86例MHD患者,采用随机抽样法将其分对照组与观察组,每组43例。对照组给予常规饮食健康教育,观察组在对照组的基础上给予专病一体化低钠饮食管理。观察6个月后,比较两组对低钠饮食的认知及行为状况、每周平均透析间期体重增长百分率、透析增重和平均24 h尿量变化。结果入组6个月后,观察组对低钠饮食的认知及正确的饮食行为得分占比都明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组的每周平均透析间期体重增长百分率、透析增重明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的平均24 h尿量均减少,但观察组多于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论专病一体化低钠饮食管理能有效提高MHD患者的治疗依从性,减少透析增重,可保护残余肾功能并降低透析风险。

Objective To investigate the effects of integrated low sodium diet management for specific diseases on weight gain and residual renal function in maintenance haemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods A total of 86 patients with MHD in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group by sampling method,with 43 cases in each group.The control group was given routine diet health education,and the observation group was given integrated low sodium diet management on the basis of the observation group.After 6 months of observation,the cognition and behavior of low sodium diet,weekly average interdialysis weight gain percentage,dialysis weight gain and average 24 h urine volume were compared between the two groups.Results Six months after enrollment,the proportion of cognition of low sodium diet and correct eating behavior scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01);the weekly average interdialytic weight gain percentage and the dialysis weight gain of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the average 24 h urine volume of the two groups decreased,but that of the observation group was more than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion The integrated low sodium diet management for specific diseases can effectively improve the treatment compliance of MHD patients,reduce dialysis weight gain,protect residual renal function and reduce dialysis risk.