曳引驱动电梯对重反绳轮轴断裂失效原因分析

为分析曳引驱动电梯对重反绳轮轴断裂失效原因,采用宏观分析、金相检测、能谱分析、硬度测试和扫描电镜(SEM)对反绳轮轴断裂失效进行试验研究。试验结果显示,反绳轮轮轴的材质、金相组织和硬度均符合要求;反绳轮轴外侧断口呈现疲劳断裂特征,疲劳源靠近凹槽表面,且在断口区域存在磨损痕迹。反绳轮轮轴的金相组织为铁素体和珠光体,反绳轮轮轴的碳硫分析其碳含量为0.49%,符合45#钢碳含量范围,反绳轮轮轴的显微维氏硬度为HV175,符合其硬度要求的HV165~240,钢丝绳与反绳轮轮轴断口形貌表明其失效由钢丝绳与轮轴磨损造成。

In order to analyze the failure reason of traction drive elevator for the shaft of counter-weight reverse rope wheel,the fracture failure of the shaft of counter-weight reverse rope wheel was investigated by macroscopic analysis,metallographic examination,energy spectrum analysis,hardness test and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The test results show that the material,metallographic structure and hardness of the reverse rope wheel shaft meet the requirements,the lateral fracture of the shaft of counter-weight reverse rope wheel shows fatigue fracture characteristics,the fatigue source is close to the groove surface,and there are wear traces in the fracture area.The metallographic structure of the shaft of counter-weight reverse rope wheel are ferrite and pearlite,the carbon and sulfur analysis of the shaft of counter-weight reverse rope wheel is 0.49%,which is in line with the carbon content range of 45#steel,the micro Vickers hardness of the shaft of counter-weight reverse rope wheel is HV175,which meets the hardness requirements of HV165~240,the fracture morphology of the shaft of counter-weight reverse rope wheel shows that the failure is caused by the wear of wire rope and wheel shaft.