需求溢出理论视角下老年人对社区上门医疗服务的需求研究

Study on Needs of Older Adults for Community On-site Medical Services from the Perspective of Demand Spillover Theory

目的:了解我国老年人对社区上门医疗服务的需求及其影响因素,为更好地满足老年人医养结合服务需求提供参考。方法:依据需求溢出理论的逻辑体系和基本观点,采用2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查的数据,运用单因素交互分析和二分类logistic回归模型分析老年人对社区上门医疗服务需求的影响因素。结果:近80%的老年人表示对社区上门医疗服务有需求。回归分析显示,户口、健康状况、家庭年收入和政府生活补助等因素显著影响老年人对社区上门医疗服务的需求(P<0.05)。结论:与需求存在负相关的变量有老年人的健康状况,而与需求存在正相关的变量有家庭的经济状况、享受政府生活补助的程度。建议提高老年人的自我健康保健意识,充分发挥家庭养老的基础保障功能,按照需求溢出顺序逐级逐层满足老年人的溢出需求。

Objective:To understand the demand of older adults to community on-site medical services and their influencing factors,so as to provide references for better meeting the needs of older adults for services of integration of medical treatment and care.Methods:According to the logic system and basic viewpoint of demand spillover theory,single factor interaction analysis and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of older adults needs for community home care services by using the data of 2018 Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey.Results:Nearly 80%of older adults indicated a need for community on-site medical services.Regression analysis showed that household registration,health status,annual family income and government living subsidies significantly affected older adults demand for community on-site medical services(P<0.05).Conclusion:The variables with negative correlation with demand are the health status of older adults,while the variables with positive correlation with demand are the family's economic status and the degree of government living subsidies.It is suggested to improve the self-health care awareness of older adults.To give full play to the basic security function of family pension.The overflow needs of older adults should be satisfied step by step according to the overflow order.