腹腔镜活体肝移植供肝切取术的临床应用进展

Clinical application progress of laparoscopic living donor liver hepatectomy for liver transplantation

活体肝移植的开展不仅扩大了供者数量,有效缓解器官捐献不足,也降低了患者等待肝移植期间的病死率。近年来,随着腹腔镜技术和器械的不断发展,腹腔镜供肝切取术在活体肝移植领域的应用日益广泛,也是该领域的研究热点之一,其具有创伤小、疼痛少、供者术后恢复迅速且心理负担小等优点。但由于其对供者筛选严格、操作复杂、学习曲线长,目前仍然只在少数移植中心得以开展。本文从腹腔镜活体肝移植供肝切取术的发展历史与现状、具体术式及存在的问题与挑战进行介绍,展望腹腔镜供肝切取术的未来发展方向,为促进其在活体肝移植中的进一步发展,改善活体肝移植预后提供参考。

The implementation of living donor liver transplantation not only extends the number of donors and effectively alleviates the shortage of organ donation,but also reduces the fatality of patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation.In recent years,with persistent development of laparoscopic techniques and instruments,laparoscopic donor liver hepatectomy has been widely applied in the field of living donor liver transplantation,which is also one of the research hotspots.It has multiple advantages of mild trauma,slight pain,accelerated postoperative recovery for the donors and slight psychological burden,etc.However,due to strict screening criteria for donors,complicated procedures and long learning curve,it has been carried out in a few transplantation centers nationwide.In this article,the development history and current status,specific surgical patterns,the problems and challenges of laparoscopic living donor liver procurement for liver transplantation were introduced,and the development direction of laparoscopic living donor liver procurement was predicted,aiming to provide reference for accelerating the development and enhancing clinical prognosis of living donor liver transplantation.